The punishment for the rebellion was in colonial times, a means of bending its desertion during the civil war and a dose of border justice in the ancient West. In the modern era, some are a more humane alternative to deadly injection. The shooting squad has a long history and thorns in the United States
South Carolina is scheduled to put Friday The first person to death by shooting In the United States 15 years ago. Brad SigmonWho was convicted of the killing of his ex-girlfriend in 2001, he chose her on the other two methods in South Carolina-electric chair and deadly injection.
Since 1608, at least 144 civilian prisoners have been executed by fire in America, almost all in Utah. Only three happened since 1977, when the death penalty was used after a 10 -year stop. The first of them, Gary GilmourHe partially caused the media because he waived his calls and volunteered to be executed. When asked about his latest words, Gilmour replied, “Let’s do that.”
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Five states – IdahoMississippi, Oklahoma, South Carolina and Utah – delegates the use of shooting teams in certain circumstances.
Here is a look at the history of the death penalty.
1608-1865: James Town, George Washington and Civil War
The first registered fire in Jamestown, Virginia, came in 1608. Captain George Kendall was suspected of rebellion – and perhaps conspiring with Spain. A century later, in 1996, archaeologists discovered a bullet buried in the walls of the fortress suspected of many Kendall.
In the American Revolution, the general executions were sometimes used to punish abandonment.
In 1776, then. George Washington has avoided a soldier in the state of Contecticut, Empzer Livingwell, who was sentenced to death after fighting with the president, American Revolutionary Magazine Recount. Livingwell was bound, blindfolded and forced to kneel in front of a crowd when a priest involved in the procedures announced that he would live.
Mark Smith, a history professor at the University of South Carolina, said that the shooting teams were used – not often – by both sides during the civil war to create a “public scene, a vision of terrorism” to keep soldiers in a row.
The professor said: “A man can sit on his coffin at times or blindfolded eyes. He called a capacity or seven men, one of whom has an empty. “These were shocking clusters and worked.”
At least 185 men were executed by shooting during the Civil War, according to Crystone K. Cataller in reviewing the Cleveland State Law condition.
1860 to 1915: Executions in the ancient West
The shooting teams were used in the first place only in Utah, where in 1851 lawmakers identified three potential murder penalties: shooting, hanging or beheading. The first execution of the shooting squad was carried out in a container in the court, and I disappoint a crowd waiting abroad to see it.
Another country has been carried out since 1900 people by shooting: Nevada, which in 1913 built an establishment that fired three guns by pulling the tendons because it faced a problem in finding volunteers to work in the shooting squad.
The ruling in 1877 in Utah led to the first case of the US Supreme Court in the United States to defy a specific method of implementation. Wallet Wilcrson, who shot a man to death during a hot game of CRIBBAGE, challenged the authorities to kill him by shooting. The court refused to appeal, and found that in contrast to some other invasive methods – drawing and dawn, for example – the execution of the shooting team will not bring this type of “terrorism, pain and shame” that violates the ban on the eighth amendment to the harsh and unusual punishment.
As it turned out, Welcson’s murder was a failure, as it was drunk and smokes a cigar, moved a little before shooting the executioner. He was severely injured, and he fell to the ground, saying: “Oh my God! You missed them.” It took 15 minutes to die.
Among the executions of the other famous fire squad in Utah, the death of the activist and songwriter in 1915, Joe Hill, who until the end of his innocence insisted on killing the grocer and his son.
Modern era: fatal injection in exchange for shooting teams
One of the reasons that the shooting teams did not exceed many Utah state is that people looked at them as barbaric, according to Deborah Dino, the crime scientist at the Fortahham College of the Law.
The bloody reality of these killings, as well as hanging and failed electricity, which sometimes led the struggle and suffering, the states in the early eighties of the last century to start turning into deadly injections, a procedure that – at least in the beginning – as the most humane.
But since then, Deadly injection The implementation method has become the most common, according to the death penalty center. Countries have struggled to obtain the required drugs, and some have given another view of the shooting teams – an old but largely reliable way. Laudhao legislators are studying a bill that makes fire teams the main way to implement there.
Two people have now asked for the death row in Utah, the shooting teams.
Denio urged politicians to reconsider the shooting teams in A. Article Review Law 2016. Among those who have expressed similar opinions, there is a Supreme Court judge Sonia Sotomoor, who wrote in opposition in 2017 that “in addition to being near the moment, death may be by shooting as well.”
“The deadly injection has increased only over the decades,” Dino told Associated Press in an interview. “The shooting band emerges as a relatively appropriate way.”
She said that in the annual executions in the United States, there were only two failed shootings: Wilderson and Rice Maris in Utah in 1951. It is not clear what happened in the Maris case, but the reports emerged after decades that the executioner did not hate his heart intentionally for his completion.
Dino said that with more censorship and archers of experts, these problems will not be repeated today.
In South Carolina, Sigmon, 67, chose to die by shooting a group because the alternatives seemed worse, as his lawyer Gerald Po wrote in a statement.
Some aspects of his execution are modern – for example, bullets are more deadly and weapons are now more accurate.
But many of them were familiar with Utah for more than a century: The convincing inmate that carries a target on his heart is linked to a chair in the death room and may say his last words. Near, volunteer officers are waiting for the shooting order.
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Associated Press Ed White in Detroit; Matthew Brown in Bellings, Montana; Rebecca Bonn contributed to Boys, Idaho.
